Orthopedic

That tight, cramping pain in the calves after a few blocks, the relief when you stop—that’s classic intermittent claudication, the most common...

Heavy, achy legs. Bulging varicose veins. Ankle swelling that leaves sock marks. For millions, these symptoms point to chronic venous disease...

Introduction Traditional approaches to chronic knee, hip, or shoulder pain—cortisone shots, opioid pills, and eventual joint-replacement...